A Set up a foundation B Reduce prices C Make a donation with each purchase D Use the Internet to solicit donations E Follow all laws set forth by the government Answer: A Explanation: A The most common—and direct—way to implement this stance is to set up a foundation for providing direct financial support for various social programs. Ethics and social responsibility are decisions faced by all managers in all organizations, regardless of rank or size.
Answer: FALSE Explanation: Firms with a high proactive approach to social responsibility actively seek ways to contribute to their communities. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Opinions differ dramatically concerning the role of social responsibility as a business goal; some people oppose any business activity that threatens profits.
Answer: TRUE Explanation: Small businesses must answer many of the same questions as big businesses in the areas of ethics and social responsibility. Answer: Small businesses must address, more or less, the same issues as big businesses—the differences are primarily differences of scale. Answer: Some skeptics of business-sponsored social projects fear that if businesses become too active, they will gain too much control over the ways in which those projects are addressed by society as a whole.
Other critics claim that business organizations lack the expertise needed to address social issues. A The government requires higher stakeholder returns. B The government passes laws to make sure business interests do not damage society.
C The government heavily regulates business activities to ensure the business supports social ideals. D The government attempts to offset small business restrictions. E The government limits regulations in exchange for planned giving. Answer: C Explanation: C In planned economies the government heavily regulates business activities, ostensibly to ensure that business supports some overarching set of social ideals. A Social responsibility B Taxation C Stakeholder support D Regulation E Socialism Answer: D Explanation: D The government most often directly influences organizations through regulation, the establishment of laws and rules that dictate what organizations can and cannot do.
To implement legislation, the government generally creates special agencies to monitor and control certain aspects of business activity. For instance, the U. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act provides for financial sanctions against businesses or business officials who engage in bribery. For example, the government can indirectly influence the social responsibility of organizations through its tax codes.
In effect, the government can influence how organizations spend their social responsibility dollars by providing greater or lesser tax incentives. A Personal contacts B Financial gifts C Lobbying D Offering favors E Voting Answer: C Explanation: C Lobbying, or the use of persons or groups to formally represent an organization or group of organizations before political bodies, is also an effective way to influence the government.
A Voting B Lobbying C Favors D Personal contacts E Political action committee meetings Answer: D Explanation: D Because many corporate executives and political leaders travel in the same social circles, personal contacts and networks offer one method of influence. A Lobbies B Government agencies C Stakeholders D Ethical compliance leaders E Political action committees Answer: E Explanation: E Companies themselves cannot legally make direct donations to political campaigns, so they influence the government through political action committees.
Political action committees PACs are special organizations created to solicit money and then distribute it to political candidates. A The same approach they take when developing any other business strategy. B Create new legal and implied requirements. C Develop an informal plan and use it to see what work before incorporating those ideas to a formal plan. D Increase ethical understanding and training for leadership.
E Increase philanthropic giving. Answer: A Explanation: A Organizations need to fashion an approach to social responsibility in the same way that they develop any other business strategy. They should view social responsibility as a major challenge that requires careful planning, decision making, consideration, and evaluation. B starting a political action committee. C lobbying. D asking for favors. E campaigning. Answer: C Explanation: C Lobbying, or the use of persons or groups to formally represent an organization or group of organizations before political bodies, is also an effective way to influence the government.
Although these favors may be legal, they are still subject to criticism. Answer: TRUE Explanation: The government most often directly influences organizations through regulation, the establishment of laws and rules that dictate what organizations can and cannot do. Answer: Lobbying, or the use of persons or groups to formally represent an organization or group of organizations before political bodies, is an effective way to influence the government.
Lobbyists work to represent an organizations position on an issue and to influence members of Congress when voting on legislation. Employees of a firm may be encouraged to make donations to a particular PAC because managers know that it will support candidates with political views similar to their own. PACs, in turn, make the contributions themselves, usually to a broad slate of state and national candidates. Informal dimensions include organization leadership and culture and whistle-blowing.
A Philanthropic giving B Organizational leadership practices C Line and staff members D Stakeholders E Government intervention Answer: B Explanation: B Leadership practices and organizational culture can go a long way toward defining the social responsibility stance an organization and its members will adopt.
Ethical leadership often sets the tone for the entire organization. A Government regulation B The concept of control to social responsibility C Ethics D An evaluation process of effectiveness E Senior leadership task forces Answer: B Explanation: B To make sure their efforts are producing the desired benefits, any business that is serious about social responsibility must apply the concept of control to social responsibility.
A Cost of social responsibility efforts B General goals that are flexible, based on need C The resources devoted to each goal D The strength of the leadership team E Laws and regulation that limit the ability to reach goals Answer: C Explanation: C A task force of high-level managers from within the firm usually conducts the audit. It requires that the organization clearly define all of its social goals, analyze the resources it devotes to each goal, determine how well it is achieving the various goals, and make recommendations about which areas need additional attention.
A Ethical compliance B Philanthropic giving C Organizational leadership D Social responsibility E Legal compliance Answer: A Explanation: A Ethical compliance is the extent to which the members of the organization follow basic ethical and legal standards of behavior.
Organizations have increased their efforts in this area by providing training in ethics and developing guidelines and codes of conduct. Answer: FALSE Explanation: A whistle-blower is someone within the company who knows about unethical or illegal behavior within the corporation and reports it to authorities. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Some businesses occasionally conduct a corporate social audit, a formal and thorough analysis of the effectiveness of a firm's social performance.
A task force of high-level managers from within the firm usually conducts the audit. The logic is that they get more direct payoff from the former type of contribution—in this instance, a better-trained workforce from which to hire new employees.
Answer: Ethical compliance is the extent to which the members of the organization follow basic ethical and legal standards of behavior. These activities serve as vehicles for enhancing ethical compliance. Many organizations also establish formal ethics committees.
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